Aug 21, 2014

Maximum Hands-Off Control


Sparsity is also important in control systems.

In particular, sparse control, called hands-off control, is proposed for saving energy and reducing CO2 emissions in control systems. For example, a hybrid vehicle, Toyota Prius (displayed above), uses this control. The internal combustion engine is stopped (control = zero; sparse control) when the vehicle is at a stop or the speed is lower than a preset threshold, and the electric motor is alternatively used. See also Hands-off Control as Green Control.

Recently, it has been proved that the sparsest (or L0 optimal) control among all admissible controls is L1 optimal (see L0/L1 Equivalence in Optimal Control). Based on this, hands-off control is extended to feedback control in
M. Nagahara, D. E. Quevedo, D. Nesic, Maximum Hands-Off Control: A Paradigm of Control Effort Minimization, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. 61, No. 4, 2016 (to appear) (PDF is here).
The abstract reads:
In this paper, we propose a new paradigm of control, called a maximum hands-off control. A hands-off control is defined as a control that has a short support per unit time. The maximum hands-off control is the minimum support (or sparsest) per unit time among all controls that achieve control objectives. For finite horizon control, we show the equivalence between the maximum hands-off control and L1-optimal control under a uniqueness assumption called normality. This result rationalizes the use of L1 optimality in computing a maximum hands-off control. We also propose an L1/L2-optimal control to obtain a smooth hands-off control. Furthermore, we give a self-triggered feedback control algorithm for linear time-invariant systems, which achieves a given sparsity rate and practical stability in the case of plant disturbances. An example is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control.
A MATLAB code for the simulation is available here.

Enjoy!


Aug 14, 2014

Textbooks on Compressed Sensing


Today, I'd like to list textbooks on compressed sensing and related topics.
This list is far from complete, but I believe this helps a beginner take the first step.

Y. C. Eldar and G. Kutyniok (Editors),
Cambridge University Press, June, 2012
ISBN-13: 978-1107005587
My comment: The introduction chapter (Chapter 1) is especially nice.

M. Elad (Author)
Springer, August, 2010.
ISBN-13: 978-1441970107
My comment: A nice introduction to sparse representation in signal and image processing.

S. Mallat (Author)
Academic Press, 3rd edition, December, 2008.
ISBN-13: 978-0123743701
My comment: Read this book and be a master of wavelet. You can!

S. Foucart and H. Rauhut (Authors)
Birkhäuser, August, 2013.
ISBN-13: 978-0817649470
My comment: If you are interested in the theory of compressed sensing, this book will be of help.

H. H. Bauschke, R. S. Burachik, P. L. Combettes, V. Elser, D. R. Luke, H. Wolkowicz (Editors)
Springer, June, 2011.
ISBN-13: 978-1441995681
My comment: This book gives you fancy methods to solve sparse optimizations (e.g. L1/L2 optimization)

J.-L. Starck, F. Murtagh, and J. M. Fadili (Authors)
Cambridge University Press, May 2010.
ISBN-13: 978-0521119139
My comment: Sparsity has many applications in image and signal processing.

Enjoy!

A related blog entry is here.